Clauses are groups of words that have a verb and its subject.

1. Independent clause (main) can stand alone as a sentence.
2. Subordinate clause (dependent) cannot stand on its own -needs the support of an independent clause.

Adjective clause (dependent / subordinate)

1. Modifies a noun or pronoun
2. Begins with a relative pronoun (that, which, who, whom, whose)

Adverb clause (dependent / subordinate)

1. Modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb
2. Begins with a subordinating conjunction